Thus, a narrative review of the section 'Aram' in Thirukkural and key articles published critiquing the original text of Thirukkural was conducted. This study is qualitative content analysis. Therefore, the current study attempts to fill that lacuna in up to date literature providing practical insights for professionals to be virtuous in the said domain. Though authors and scholars have emphasized various spiritual texts to get insights to develop virtuous professionals in HRM, the teachings in Thirukkural have not been utilized adequately. The current study attempts to review and report the insights manifested among the teachings of 'Thiruvalluvar' in Thirukkural to be used in developing virtuous professionals in Human Resource Management (HRM), as they have to be virtuous essentially to manage people at work. The prospect of highlighting the Thirukkural in other areas like leadership can be considered for the near future. The findings reveal that Thirukkural advocates a consciousness and a spirit-centered approach to the subject of business ethics based on eternal values and moral principles that should govern the conduct of business leaders. In presenting the business ethics from the Thirukkural, the authors employed hermeneutics, a qualitative methodology which is the interpretation of ancient or classical literatures. It is considered to be the first work which covers ethics in Indian (Tamil) literature.
The Thirukkural is a well-known treatise on ethics which was authored by Thiruvallavar in the second century BC. However, very few works are found on business ethics from the Thirukkural and its relevance for contemporary business leadership. In the Indian context, during the past one decade we have witnessed an increase in number of literatures on applying ancient wisdoms especially from the Bhagavad-Gita (Mahabharata), Valmiki Ramayana and the Arthashastra in the business leadership context. This paper explores the dimension of business ethics from ancient Indian times and its contemporary relevance for business leadership.
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